Sometimes companies place excess spoil material in natural stream channels to create valley fills. In various coal regions, these areas are the only place for the construction of coal refuse piles or impoundments. Nationwide, companies must divert and mine through streams in the normal course of their surface coal mining operations.
May 21, 2020· Understanding Mining Waste Management and Disposal Methods. Mining produces a lot of waste which needs to be handled properly. Improper mining waste disposal will lead to air, soil, and water pollution. Different types of mining include landfill mining, coal mining, oil and gas extraction, metal, and non-metal ore mining.
1780.35 Disposal of Excess Spoil 1780.37 Transportation Facilities 1780.38 Rehabilitation of Siltation Structures, Diversions, Impoundments, and Treatment Facilities (Repealed) 1780.39 Support Facilities AUTHORITY: Implementing and authorized by the Surface Coal Mining Land Conservation and Reclamation Act [225 ILCS 720].
Friday, December 12, 2008 Part II Department of the Interior Office of Surface Mining Reclamation and Enforcement 30 CFR Parts 780, 784, et al. Excess Spoil, Coal Mine …
Dec 16, 2020· Mountaintop coal mining is a type of surface mining that removes mountaintops to expose coal seams and discards the overburden in adjacent "valley fills." Valley fills occur in steep terrain where there are limited disposal alternatives. Abandoned mine lands are degraded lands and waters that are inadequately reclaimed after surface coal mining ...
(a) Valley fills shall meet all of the requirements of §12.363 of this title (relating to Disposal of Excess Spoil: General Requirements) and the additional requirements of this section. (b) The fill shall be designed to attain a long-term static safety factor of 1.5 based upon data obtained from subsurface exploration, geotechnical testing ...
(a) General. Excess spoil shall be placed in designated disposal areas within the permit area, in a controlled manner to - (1) Minimize the adverse effects of leachate and surface water runoff from the fill on surface and ground waters; (2) Ensure mass stability and prevent mass movement during and after construction; and (3) Ensure that the final fill is suitable for reclamation and ...
Aug 25, 2020· Mining produces a lot of waste which should be disposed of properly. Improper waste disposal leads to soil, water and air pollution. There are various types of mining. They include coal mining, metal, landfill mining, oil and gas extraction and non-metal ore mining. This means there are also different types of mining waste. These include: … Continue reading "Mining …
All types of surface and underground coal mining in Appalachia generate excess spoil fills due to the increased volume of broken rock, limitations on the steepness and height to which broken rock may be placed to achieve a stable slope, and the steep topography of the region.
Disposal of excess spoil Section 780.37 Road systems Section 780.38 Support facilities. Part 783. ... Coal Surface Mining Reclamation Fund, Penalties, and Self-Bonding Read all ; Section 801.2 Scope Section 801.4 Objective Section 801.11 Participation in …
The Office of Surface Mining Reclamation and Enforcement (OSM) announced publication in the Federal Register in mid-December of a Federal rule that places new restrictions on how coal mine operators can dispose of coal mine waste and the excess spoil created by the mining …
§5363 Disposal of Excess Spoil: Durable Rock Fills §5365 Disposal of Excess Spoil: Preexisting Benches §5367 Protection of Underground Mining §5369 Coal Mine Waste: General Requirements §5371 Coal Mine Waste: Refuse Piles §5373 Coal Processing Waste: Burning and Burned Waste Utilization §5375 Disposal of Noncoal Wastes
Administrative Code. Table of Contents » Title 4. Conservation And Natural Resources » Agency 25. Department Of Mines, Minerals And Energy » Chapter 130. Coal Surface Mining Reclamation Regulations » Part 816. Permanent Program Performance Standards—Surface Mining Activities » 4VAC25-130-816.73. Disposal of excess spoil; durable rock fills.
This section describes the five main types of surface coal mining techniques: area mining, open pit mining, contour mining, auger mining, and mountaintop removal. Underground mining is also considered in this section. Terrain, economics, and custom generally dictate which technique an operator chooses.. All surface or strip mining first removes the overlying vegetation, soil …
Coal Operators and Company Engineers Consulting Engineers Gene Brandenburg, Commissioner + Bureau of Surface Mining Reclamation and Enforcement July 10, 1979 Emergency Regulations for the Interim Regulatory Program 405 KAR 1:141E, Disposal of excess spoil (strip mining)
Excess Spoil Fills When coal is mined by surface mining methods, rock and soil that overlie the coal must be first temporarily removed and stored outside of the immediate mining area. The rock is blasted as it is removed. The angular blast rock, or "spoil," incorporates voids and therefore is less dense than undisturbed rock.
Sep 25, 2018· control, excess spoil disposal and haulage ways for mining operations in West ia which have been accepted by professional engineers and technicians as general practices within the mining industry. However, this handbook is not to be considered nor utilized as the West ia Surface Mining Reclamation Regulations, rules, policies, or law.
Oct 04, 2021· 110 Surface and groundwater monitoring; 120 Use of explosives; 130 Disposal of excess spoil; 140 Disposal of coal mine waste; 150 Disposal of noncoal mine waste; 160 Coal mine waste dams and impoundments; 170 Stabilization of surface areas; 180 Protection of fish, wildlife, and related environmental values; 190 Backfilling and grading; 200 ...
1816.74 Disposal of Excess Spoil: Durable Rock Fills 1816.75 Disposal of Excess Spoil: Preexisting Benches 1816.79 Protection of Underground Mining 1816.81 Coal Mine Waste: General Requirements 1816.82 Coal Processing Waste Banks: Site Inspection (Repealed) 1816.83 Coal Mine Waste: Refuse Piles 1816.84 Coal Mine Waste: Impounding Structures
(a) Disposal of spoil in the head-of-hollow fill shall meet all standards set forth in §§12.363 and 12.364 of this title (relating to Disposal of Excess Spoil: General Requirements, and to Disposal of Excess Spoil: Valley Fills) and the additional requirements of this section.
spoil disposal standards" governing disposal of excess rock "overburden" produced by surface coal mining, commonly referred to as "spoil." Pursuant to those standards, surface mining operations may be authorized only if the permitting authority ensures that such operations
Oct 01, 2008· The situation of coal mining wastes disposal at Yanzhou coal mining area. The total raw coal production produced by Yanzhou Coal Mining Company from 1977 to 2005 was 461.58 million tons. If we calculate the production of mining waste in terms of the rate of 15% of coal production, it would be 69.24 million tons.
The increased scale of surface mining in mountainous terrain often requires larger excess spoil disposal fills, such as valley fills (VFs), because of increased spoil volumes. This expanded scale of Appalachian mining operations (Haering et al., 2004; Copeland, 2013) and use of VFs to store excess spoil (Shank, 2010) have
disposal of coal mine waste and placement of excess spoil. In response to those concerns, we revised the rules to require identification and analysis of alternatives only when the applicant proposes to place coal mine waste or excess spoil in a perennial or intermittent stream or within 100 feet of that stream.
where the process of mining creates significant amounts of excess spoil material that cannot safety be placed in the mined-out areas. Surface coal mining operations conduct many types of mining activities related to the disposal of this excess spoil, and this rule changes the regulatory requirements for mining activities that occur . within
(m) Excess spoil, coal mine wastes and coal processing wastes may be returned to underground mine workings, but only in accordance with a disposal program approved by the department and the mine safety and health administration upon the basis of a plan submitted under ARM 17.24.901(1) (b), 17.24.920, 17.24.924(1), 17.24.930, and 17.24.932(1) .
Jan 07, 2004· We, the Office of Surface Mining Reclamation and Enforcement (OSM), are proposing to amend our regulations to accomplish two basic goals: Minimizing the adverse environmental effects stemming from the construction of excess spoil fills; and clarifying the circumstances in which mining activities, such as the construction of excess spoil fills ...
Administrative Code. Table of Contents » Title 4. Conservation And Natural Resources » Agency 25. Department Of Mines, Minerals And Energy » Chapter 130. Coal Surface Mining Reclamation Regulations » Part 816. Permanent Program Performance Standards—Surface Mining Activities » 4VAC25-130-816.71. Disposal of excess spoil; general requirements.
The situation of coal mining wastes disposal at Yanzhou coal mining area The total raw coal production produced by Yanzhou Coal Mining Company from …
AOC Excess Spoil Guidelines 1999 WV Department of This guidance document, through the implementing regulations of the West ia Surface Coal Mining and Reclamation Act (WVRA), provides an objective and systematic process for achieving approximate original contour (AOC) on steepslope surface mine operations while providing a means for determining excess spoil …
Dec 13, 2016· All types of surface and underground coal mining in Appalachia generate excess spoil fills due to the increased volume of broken rock, limitations on the steepness and height to which broken rock may be placed to achieve a stable slope, and …
of the Act required the controlled placement of all excess spoil material from surface coal mining operations using sound engineering practices to ensure the long term stability of the fill. Rules concerning the disposal of excess spoil were proposed on September 13, 1978 (43 FR 41890-41892 and 41910-
Generation of Excess Spoil and Valley Fill Construction Mountaintop mining in the Appalachian s removes overburden and interburden coal field material to facilitate the extraction of coal seams. When coal is mined by surface mining methods, rock and soil that overlie the coal must be first temporarily removed and stored outside
Dec 22, 2014· The 2008 rule also added requirements at 30 CFR 780.35 and 784.19 that surface coal mining operations be designed to minimize the creation of excess spoil and the adverse environmental impacts of fills constructed to dispose of excess spoil and coal mine waste. A total of ten organizations challenged the validity of the 2008 SBZ rule in two ...
for achieving approximate original contour (AOC) on steep-slope surface mine operations while providing a means for determining excess spoil quantities. Using this process maximizes the amount of mine spoil returned to the mined area while minimizing the amount of mine spoil placed in excess spoil disposal sites, i.e., valley fills.
